تشخيص مرض السكر - فحص السكرى - Diagnosis of diabetes

Diagnosis of diabetes

Diagnosed type I and many cases of type II diabetes on the basis of initial symptoms that appear at the beginning of the disease, such as frequent urination and excessive thirst was accompanied by loss of weight, and develops these symptoms usually over days and weeks. And about a quarter of people suffering patients with type I diabetes ketoacidosis when blood acidification are aware of illness. They are usually diagnosed diabetic rest patterns in other ways such as periodic medical examination, the discovery of high blood glucose level during a procedure analyzes; or through a secondary display, such as vision changes or undue fatigue. The disease is usually detected when the patient suffers from Mchklha frequently induced diabetes such as strokes, nephropathy, slow wound healing or suppuration foot, a particular problem in the eye, certain fungal infection, or the birth of a child a huge body or was suffering from low blood sugar level.

Diabetes is characterized by high intermittently or continuously in blood glucose and can be inferred by one of the following values: [17]

Measuring the level of blood glucose during fasting 126 mg / dL (7 mmol / L) or higher.
Measuring the level of blood glucose 200 mg / dl (11.1 mmol / L) or higher and two hours after eating 75 grams of glucose as follows in the glucose tolerance test.
Measuring random blood glucose level 200 mg / dL (11.1 mmol / L) or higher.


Blood Glucose Monitor.
When the result is positive, but in the absence of symptoms of diabetes, must be confirmed in another way from the above-mentioned methods (measuring fasting, creator or random). The most preferred doctors measure the level of glucose during fasting because of the ease of measurement and save time (hours) to make glucose tolerance test, as it must wait for two hours between eating glucose and measuring its level in the blood and in accordance with the current definition, the two measures of the level of blood glucose when fasting Ntejthma highest of 126 mg / dL (7 mmol / l), is considered a sign of diabetes.

The patients ranged their blood glucose levels during fasting between 110 and 126 mg / dL (6.1 and 7 mmol / l) that have the disorder in blood glucose levels during fasting. As when the level is 140 mg / dL (7.8 mmol / L) or higher after two hours of use 75 g oral glucose there shall be impaired glucose tolerance. The impaired glucose tolerance, especially that increases the likelihood of its development to severe diabetes with cardiovascular disease (disease of the circulatory system).

Although he is not used to diagnose, but the high level of glucose, which is linked Bimogluben blood are not reactionary (called glycosylated hemoglobin) of 6% or higher, according to the standard adopted in the United States which was revised in 2003, is considered abnormal for most plants analyzes. This measurement is used mainly as a test of the effectiveness of treatment reflects the average blood glucose over the previous ninety days ago. But Some doctors can request that you make this test at the time of diagnosis to track changes that have occurred before. The recommended ratio of glycosylated hemoglobin for patients with diabetes is less than 7%, which is considered a sign of good control in blood glucose, but some doctors recommend more stringent proportions, as less than 6.5%). And less risk of complications such as retinopathy or diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetes who maintain glycosylated hemoglobin level between 6.5 and 7%. [30] [31]


[Edit] examination

Recommended action examine diabetes for many individuals at different stages of their lives as well as for those who have a high likelihood of infection. Screening tests vary according to the circumstances and local health policy. These tests include measurement of random blood glucose, measured fasting blood glucose, and blood glucose measured two hours after eating 75 grams of glucose or even measure the glucose tolerance test official. It is recommended do a thorough medical examination for adults age 40 or 50 years, and periodically after skipping this age. The usually recommended that screening early for those who have a potential high risk of such obese patients, or those with a family history of diabetes, or some human races that are frequently the disease such as: Hispanics Hispanics, Native Americans, African Caribbeans, Pacific Islanders, and people of South Asia. [32] [33]

And concomitant diabetes several conditions that require examination to see if a patient has diabetes or not, such as: high blood pressure, high cholesterol level, disease in the coronary artery, post-Gestational syndrome, multiple vesicles in the womb, chronic pancreatitis, accumulation fat on the liver, blood discoloration disease, cystic fibrosis, many of the ills Mitochondrial the nerves and muscle ailments, muscular dystrophy and Friedreich's ataxia, and some species of increased insulin gene in newborns. And increases the chronic use of some drugs the risk of diabetes, such as the use of steroids in high doses, some chemotherapy drugs, especially for - Asparajenaz, as well as some psychiatric drugs and set the mood, especially phenothiazines and some atypical antipsychotics.

And examines patients who had confirmed diabetes periodically to control the complications. This includes annual tests of urine to measure the exact albuminuria and examination of the retina (retinal imaging) to determine the extent of morbidity. In the United Kingdom, helped retinal screening for diabetics to reduce the number of blind due to the disease.

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